The Case For Automating Manual Time Tracking

In business there's probably not much moreNot having an iron-clad method of authenticating
important than the time it takes to complete aan employee's time is a problem. In time and
task. Tracking employee time has a long history.attendance tracking, having an employee's friend
Check the history of time clocks in Wikipedia,punch his time card when he's late or leaving early
you'll learn that the founding companies of IBMis a real problem. And at the end of a week or
made the first mechanical punch time clocks, andtime period, employees can sign fraudulent time
later there were more sophisticated devices likecards or that of their buddy. And they have little
proximity, badge swipe or biometric time clocks.incentive to do a good job here. The more lax
What it does not tell you is the how slow thethey are punching the clock, the more they and
marketplace has been to adopt new "technology"their supervisors have to initial time cards with
in time tracking. Why? Because what's tried, truecorrections, and the whole process grinds down
and proven is difficult to replace from theto become slower and more costly. What's
standpoint of 1) cost 2) risk and 3) inertia.worse, with more lapses in punching clocks in real
Today, after fifteen years of the Internettime, employee and supervisor memories become
revolution, the next wave, "web-based"more severely tested. Fraud is not always the
technology, is calling your name. But before youculprit. Accuracy starts to suffer. In the United
begin to evaluate where web-based applicationsStates, physical signatures carry a lot of weight
are appropriate or sensible, we need to ask somelegally. But beside providing legal cover, they often
questions about how your manual data processingfoster an environment of white lies and fibbing
is working (or not) for your organization.that gets further endorsed by managers who
Data collection:have little choice but to go along with the system.
Why are you using manual data collection 
methods? What are the advantages? Are there3.Processing: Policy and Rules
data loss problems?Many organizations rationalize that they manually
Authentication:process policies and rules because they are so
Are there data forms or other documents beingvariable and complex. Generally, these approaches
used and do they require signatures? In manualdo not scale well and do so at great expense.
systems, signatures legally provide dataAnother problem with manual rules processing is
authentication. But from an operational standpointthat it often takes place in payroll departments
does a signature truly authenticate data? Whatafter supervisor approvals.
are the risks and costs of unauthenticated data?4.Approvals/Rejections, Review, Oversight
Processing:Manual approval of time cards requires
In your organization, does the processing of timesupervisors to monitor employee overtime or
and work data lead to somebody getting billed,double time in their heads, if at all. Or worse, they
paid, costed, fined, suspended, or terminated?might not be able to monitor more complicated
Given that one or more of these can result, isrules or calculations at all. With manual time cards,
business as usual okay?it is time consuming for supervisors to monitor
Reviews and Corrections:time and attendance daily, often opting for end of
Does this data require reviews and approvals?week reviews of time cards, initialing corrections
Does it require rejections or corrections? Whatfor the "missed punch," the "I forgot to punch"
are the costs to review this information manually?and other incidents that need to be corrected. Of
And what happens when managers have nocourse, memory failure at the end of the week
bandwidth to do so? What data falls off theoften conspires to hurt attendance accuracy.
table? What gets missed? What decisions do not5.Sending It Somewhere Else
get made?After all is said and done, time, attendance and
Where Does It Need To Go:task data is collected for various reasons, all of
Does the data need to be sent somewhere elsewhich are very important. Manual processes
on a scheduled basis or to meet a deadline? Arerequire certain "built-in" inefficiencies to work
there "built-in" corrections and adjustments thatproperly. Most payrolls build in three to four days
are unavoidable because the process is slow?of slack because of slow data collection, slow
As you probably know, there are several areasapprovals, and double data entry. Some even
of pain in manual time tracking.have employees "guesstimate" their hours for the
The Five Pitfalls of Manual Time Trackinglast two to three days of a time period creating
1.Data Collection: "Slow Is Unsteady and Loseseven more need for corrections.
The Race"Conclusion For This Post
In the physical world of manual time keeping, dataAt every step of a manual time tracking process
integrity problems come in the form of lost,there is inefficiency: data loss or distortions, lack
damaged or destroyed time cards or timesheets.of authentication, arduous administrative
There are unavailable fax machines, busy signals,processing of rules and policies, supervisors having
faulty delivery at the other end, snail mail orto spend time babysitting time cards more than
worse. You might think manual data collection ismanaging, and extra cost and effort to process
inexpensive, but it has hidden costs in time andpayroll more slowly.
money. Problems in the beginning (time dataWe should expect that web-based automation of
capture) infect later stages of the process suchtime tracking will be helpful. But the actual benefits
as....when understood within this framework will be
2.Authentication: "Buddy Punching" Problems andquite surprising.
John Hancock